August 2025, Volume 3, Issue 8

Author

V. Nagavalli, V. Sudha, and K. Sevvanthi

Abstract

Background: The growing number of elderly people in India, with more than 70% residing in rural settings (2011 Census), experience financial insecurity because of poverty and depleted family support. IGNOAPS use and satisfaction among rural older people in Puducherry are investigated in this study with a focus on socio-demographic factors. Materials and Methods: Those over 60 who fall below the poverty line (BPL) get monthly cash transfers from the Indira Gandhi National Old Age Pension Scheme (IGNOAPS). Pensions range from Rs 1500 to Rs 3000, which is more than in other states; nevertheless, due to administrative problems and a lack of understanding, only 33% of people take advantage of them (LASI 2020). This cross-sectional survey (January-March 2023) included 142 rural Puducherry elderly (?55 years), recruited by simple random sampling. Data were gathered through face-to-face interviews with a Tamil-language socio-demographic, health care utilization, activity of daily living, travel usage, and satisfaction questionnaire. Sample size was determined on 33% use calculated using 95% confidence and 7% precision. The data were analysed using SPSS 26.0 with descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Ethical clearance and informed consent were received. Results: Study participants (55.6% male, 66.2% literate, 97.9% unemployed) utilized pensions mainly for health (56 males, 49 females) and activities of daily living (20 males, 10 females) with little expenditure on travel. Satisfaction was related to gender (p=0.019). Age, education, employment, and health had no significant relationship. Conclusion: IGNOAPS covers health and daily needs but is constrained by administrative restrictions and a lack of adequate resources. Policy must increase access, raise pensions, and raise awareness.